https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41140 3O₄ nanoparticles (NP) received great attention due to their effective peroxidase like activity. The pH dependent peroxidase activity of Fe₃O₄ NP results in generation of radical ^·OH radical via the unique Fenton chemistry of iron. However, their pH dependent activity is restricted to acidic environment and dramatic loss in antibacterial activity is observed at near neutral pH. Here we describe a novel strategy to overcome the pH lacunae of citrate coated Fe₃O₄ NP by utilizing adenosine triphosphate disodium salt (ATP) as a synergistic agent to accelerate the radical ^·OH radical production and restore its antibacterial activity over a wide range of pH. This synergistic combination (30 µg/mL Fe₃O₄ NP and 2.5 mM ATP) shows a high bactericidal activity against both gram positive (B. subtilis) and gram negative (E. coli) bacterial strains, in presence of H₂O₂, at neutral pH. The synergistic effect (Fe₃O₄ NP + ATP) is determined from the viability assessment and membrane damage studies and is further confirmed by comparing the concentration of generated radical ^·OH radicals. Over all, this study illustrates ATP assisted and radical dotOH-mediated bactericidal activity of Fe₃O₄ nanozyme at near neutral pH.]]> Wed 27 Jul 2022 14:33:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45252 Wed 26 Oct 2022 17:55:16 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20021 Wed 22 Mar 2023 17:00:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40952 Wed 20 Jul 2022 15:22:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34145 Wed 13 Feb 2019 11:43:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29909 P < 0.001) were found between ALDH expression and various motility parameters of stallion spermatozoa including the percentage of progressive (r = 0.79) and rapidly motile (r = 0.79) spermatozoa, whereas repeated measurements over 24 h revealed highly significant correlations among progressive motility loss, 4HNE accumulation, and ALDH expression (P ≤ 0.001). ALDH inhibition resulted in a spontaneous increase in 4HNE levels in viable cells (21.1 ± 5.8% vs. 42.6 ± 5.2%; P ≤ 0.05) and a corresponding decrease in total motility (41.7 ± 6.2% vs. 6.4 ± 2.6%; P ≤ 0.001) and progressive motility (17.0 ± 4.1% vs. 0.7 ± 0.4%; P ≤ 0.001) of stallion spermatozoa over 24 h. Similarly, inhibition of ALDH in 4HNE-challenged spermatozoa significantly reduced total motility over 4 h (35.4 ± 9.7% vs. 15.3 ± 5.1%, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). This study contributes valuable information about the role of the ALDH enzymes in the maintenance of stallion sperm functionality, with potential diagnostic and in vitro applications for assisted reproductive technologies.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:45:10 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:6607 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:33:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22037 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:21:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27549 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:20:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30037 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:40:38 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17941 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:58:16 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21909 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:19:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11549 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:11:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27813 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:10:22 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30804 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:10:05 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26381 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:50:23 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26547 in vitro and in vivo. PI staining showed significant apoptosis in NPC cells accompanied by the overproduction of ROS and downregulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) by 3-BrPA. However, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced 3-BrPA-induced apoptosis by decreasing ROS and facilitating the recovery of MMP. We elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying 3-BrPA activity and found that it caused mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production, leading to necroptosis of NPC cells. We investigated the effects of the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk, which inhibits apoptosis but promotes death domain receptor (DR)-induced NPC cell necrosis. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) inhibits necroptosis, apparently via a DR signaling pathway and thus abrogates the effects of z-VAD‑fmk. In addition, we demonstrated the effective attenuation of 3-BrPA-induced necrotic cell death by Nec-1. Finally, animal studies proved that 3-BrPA exhibited significant antitumor activity in nude mice. The present study is the first demonstration of 3-BrPA-induced non-apoptotic necroptosis and ROS generation in NPC cells and provides potential strategies for developing agents against apoptosis‑resistant cancers.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:05:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28216 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:38:40 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41655 Wed 10 Aug 2022 10:07:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34663 Wed 10 Apr 2019 13:35:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44031 5-years following diagnosis, however, for those that fail upfront therapies, survival is poor. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in a range of cancers and are emerging as significant contributors to the leukaemogenesis of ALL. ROS modulate the function of signalling proteins through oxidation of cysteine residues, as well as promote genomic instability by damaging DNA, to promote chemotherapy resistance. Current therapeutic approaches exploit the pro-oxidant intracellular environment of malignant B and T lympho-blasts to cause irreversible DNA damage and cell death, however these strategies impact normal haematopoiesis and lead to long lasting side-effects. Therapies suppressing ROS production, espe-cially those targeting ROS producing enzymes such as the NADPH oxidases (NOXs), are emerging alternatives to treat cancers and may be exploited to improve the ALL treatment. Here, we discuss the roles that ROS play in normal haematopoiesis and in ALL. We explore the molecular mechanisms underpinning overproduction of ROS in ALL, and their roles in disease progression and drug resistance. Finally, we examine strategies to target ROS production, with a specific focus on the NOX enzymes, to improve the treatment of ALL.]]> Wed 05 Oct 2022 15:18:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43950 Wed 05 Oct 2022 13:05:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38140 Wed 04 Aug 2021 15:49:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43493 Tue 20 Sep 2022 15:35:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41998 Tue 16 Aug 2022 16:37:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48010 Tue 14 Feb 2023 17:45:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51611 92%), PO43−-P (>89%) and COD (>84%) as well as increased production of ROS and neutral lipids, indicating their significant mutualistic interactions with the native bacterial communities for efficient bioremediation of wastewaters. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene-based community data in wastewaters revealed selective enrichment of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, resulting in enhanced microalgal growth and nutrient removal. The findings of this novel study suggest that microalgal–bacterial co-cultures mediate interspecies interactions for a shift in population dynamics of the indigenous bacteria in wastewaters to facilitate enhanced bioremediation of effluents with sustainable production of biomass and biodiesel.]]> Tue 12 Sep 2023 13:42:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38531 2^.- under normal and saline conditions, and consequently suffered from more severe oxidative damage. Further analyses revealed that overexpression of sly-miR398b downregulated the expression of CSD, APX and CAT, leading to the reduced activities of SOD, APX and CAT, and the contents of reduced glutathione. In addition, the transgenic plants exhibited lower rates of photosynthesis and higher photoinhibition under salinity in comparison with the wild type plants. The data provide new evidence on the miR398 mediated ROS metabolism network underlying salt stress response in tomato.]]> Thu 28 Oct 2021 15:00:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32076 Thu 27 Jan 2022 15:57:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49471 Citrullus lanatus) is an important crop worldwide and its growth is highly susceptible to waterlogging. However, it remains unknown how tolerant and intolerant genotypes may respond to waterlogging. To address this issue, we examined a waterlogging tolerant cultivar ‘YL’ in the field and compared it with a sensitive cultivar ‘Zaojia8424’ under waterlogging. ‘YL’ exhibited higher activity of alternative oxidase (AOX), enhanced levels of AOX, and increased KCN-resistant respiration rate, as compared with the sensitive cultivar ‘Zaojia8424’. Accordingly, ‘YL’ had lower contents of O₂−, H₂O₂ and malonaldehyde, compared with ‘Zaojia8424’. Furthermore, inhibition of AOX pathway by salicylhydroxamic acid exacerbated inhibition of plant growth, promoted the accumulation of O₂− and H₂O₂, decreased the respiration rate in both cultivars, and diminished the positive effects by AOX observed in ‘YL’. We observed no significant differences between ‘YL’ and ‘Zaojia8424’ in terms of the rate of anaerobic respiration and cytochrome respiration, and expression levels of antioxidant genes. Thus we concluded that the high activity of AOX pathway contributed to the waterlogging tolerance in watermelon via maintaining of the respiratory and alleviation of oxidative damage.]]> Thu 18 May 2023 14:48:17 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43347 Thu 15 Sep 2022 15:25:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23094 Thu 14 Apr 2022 11:02:28 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34211 Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:02:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9578 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:10870 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:14:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19260 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17174 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16896 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19949 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:32 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18033 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:32 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27394 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28516 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:29:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24555 Eisenia fetida, and the soil health was investigated. C-nZVI at concentration level of 3 g kg^-1 soil showed no effect on the survival of E. fetida in the three soil types. However, varying effects such as concentration-dependent increase in tissue iron concentration, lipid peroxidation, and damage to DNA molecules by C-nZVI were observed. C-nZVI at an exposure concentration of 60 mg kg^-1 soil induced oxidative stress in E. fetida. Tissue Fe concentration appeared correlated to the DNA damage. Oxidative stress and DNA damage may explain the toxicity mechanisms of nZVI to E. fetida.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46649 2NP) following environmental exposure. At present, the consequences of TiO₂NP exposure in bone are not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO₂NP on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and potential underlying mechanisms. Mesenchymal bone marrow-derived cells were cultured and treated with various concentrations of TiO₂NP. Results showed that TiO₂NP incubation produced cytotoxicity as evidenced by reduced cell viability. Using Western blotting TiO₂NP was found to increase autophagy as determined by elevation in ratio of LC3-II from LC3-I without evidence of necrotic cell death as estimated by lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level. TiO2NP produced a rise in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The observed alterations in autophagy and oxidant stress were associated with upregulation of protein expression of p38, JNK, and ERK. Data indicate that TiO₂NP-mediated decrease in MSC survival involves a complex series of events associated stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and consequent autophagy and oxidative damage.]]> Mon 28 Nov 2022 17:22:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37797 Mon 26 Apr 2021 12:23:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33230 Mon 23 Sep 2019 10:27:48 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53267 Mon 20 Nov 2023 12:49:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18693 Mon 20 Jul 2015 17:41:44 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38669 Mon 13 Dec 2021 16:34:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52306 Mon 09 Oct 2023 10:16:43 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40433 Fri 29 Jul 2022 10:41:40 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40160 Fri 22 Jul 2022 13:28:02 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48890 Fri 14 Apr 2023 15:39:31 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45727 Fri 04 Nov 2022 09:52:06 AEDT ]]>